AEJ, AEK, AEL, AEM, AEN, AEO, AEP, AEQ, AER, AES, AET, AEU, AEV, AEW CTJ, CTK, CTL, CTM, CTN, CTO, CTP, CTQ, CTR, CTS, CTT, CTU, CTV, CTW GCK, GCL, GCM, GCN, GCO, GCP, GCQ, GCR, GCS, GCT, GCU, GCV, GCW

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GCM throughput rates for state-of-the-art, high-speed communication channels can be achieved with inexpensive hardware resources. AES is a block cipher algorithm, GCM and CBC are block cipher operation modes. Block ciphers are used to encrypt or decrypt data that has been organized into fixed size chunks (blocks). In AES-CBC, the encryption will be done in the CBC mode (Cipher Block Chaining mode), in AES-GCM, it'll be done in the GCM mode (Galois/Counter Mode).

This means that with long enough messages, a single stream of data can saturate AESNI units. 768 bytes is long enough. AES is either slow or insecure without special hardware support. The hash is then encrypted an AES-key, and used as authentication tag and AES-CTR initialization vector. AES-GCM-SIV is an improvement over the very similarly named algorithm GCM-SIV, with a few very small changes (e.g. how AES-CTR is initialized), but which yields practical benefits to its security "This addition allows for encrypting up to 2 50 messages with the same key, compared to the significant limitation of only 2 32 messages that were allowed with GCM-SIV." @zaph No, AES-GCM is very different than AES-CTR (AES-CTR has no Galois multiplication). If you are claiming that one can recover keys when an IV is reused for AES-CTR, then you would be the first to be making such a claim, and the burden would be upon you to provide evidence.

The AES is a block cipher, and it can be used in many different modes. This document describes the use of AES Counter Mode (AES-CTR), with an explicit

Authenticated means it protects both the privacy and the integrity of messages. It is recommended to use either CTR (Counter) or GCM (Galois/Counter) block modes with symmetric ciphers like AES, RC6, Camellia, Serpent and many others.

From a different perspective, GMAC is just GCM without encryption. It's not like GMAC existed and then it was combined with AES to make AES-GCM, it was designed as authenticated encryption and has the ability to encrypt zero bytes while still authenticating other bytes. So no, GCM is not just GMAC + AES. tptacek on May 31, 2017 [–]

Although CBC may theoretically have some vulnerabilities, the consensus is that CBC is secure. AES 128 CBC is the same cipher as before, in this case using it in Cipher Block Chaining. (Complete description of CBC in the NIST recommendation). AES 128 GCM is again the same cipher, used in Galois Counter Mode.

768 bytes is long enough. AES is either slow or insecure without special hardware support. The hash is then encrypted an AES-key, and used as authentication tag and AES-CTR initialization vector. AES-GCM-SIV is an improvement over the very similarly named algorithm GCM-SIV, with a few very small changes (e.g. how AES-CTR is initialized), but which yields practical benefits to its security "This addition allows for encrypting up to 2 50 messages with the same key, compared to the significant limitation of only 2 32 messages that were allowed with GCM-SIV." @zaph No, AES-GCM is very different than AES-CTR (AES-CTR has no Galois multiplication). If you are claiming that one can recover keys when an IV is reused for AES-CTR, then you would be the first to be making such a claim, and the burden would be upon you to provide evidence. Honestly, I can promise you that that claim simply is not true.
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AES 128 GCM is again the same cipher, used in Galois Counter Mode. It is important to note that GCM mode also provides authentication of the data (it is a mode for "Authenticated Encryption"). GCM_Ctr Block #1: CB is CAFEBABE FACEDBAD DECAF888 00000002 CT is 9BB22CE7 D9F372C1 EE2B2872 2B25F206 E is 42831EC2 21777424 4B7221B7 84D0D49C . CT is S is .

The others might be helpful in certain situations, but some of them are less secure, so use them only if you know well what are you doing. 2019-09-04 · AES-GCM is what’s known as an authenticated encryption mode.
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CTR mode and modes based on CTR (like GCM and CCM), on the other hand, can process all blocks in parallel. This means that with long enough messages, a single stream of data can saturate AESNI units. 768 bytes is long enough. AES is either slow or insecure without special hardware support.

With AES-NI, GCM almost takes back the crown of raw speed except the "16 bytes" category. In applications like VPN, we need to account for HMAC hashing when using CBC ciphers.

AES-NI was first introduced in 2010 and it led to 3-10X improvements [7] in AES software implementations. As we showed in [1], efficient GCM implementations were also possible with AES-NI. GCM performance increases with improved throughput performance of AES-NI, by enabling further parallelization of the AES portion of GCM algorithm.

Encryption of … 2015-3-2 2020-9-18 · AES_GCM 算法加密过程: 1. AES加密输入： IV值 (一般随机产生) 密钥明文附加消息Aad: 附加消息不是明文内容, 作AES加密时作为输入,对产生MAC值产生影响.可有可无 2. 算法对明文进行分段,并通过输入的密钥分别与分段的明文作AES对称 2020-5-13 · AES-GCM is an authenticated encryption mode that uses the AES block cipher in counter mode with a polynomial MAC based on Galois field multiplication.

37. 38, Noter: För 2019 saknas därför veckodata för perioden v.1-39.